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제품 상세

Antibody

6.5 - 270 kDa 범위를 커버하는 3가지 컬러 밴드를 포함하며,
최대 100%까지의 transfer 효과를 개런티하는 Prestained protein ladder를 소개합니다.

프린트 제품 문의

SARS-CoV-2 Mechanism of Cell Entry and Replication 

 

 


 

 

SARS-CoV-2 Viral Lifecyle 

숙주세포 진입은 nucleocapsid의 spike 단백질의 receptor binding domain (RBD)이 숙주 세포 표면의 protease인 ACE2에 결합함으로써 영향을 받습니다. ACE2에 대한 S단백질의 결합은 또 다른 숙주세포 protease인 TMPRSS2에 의해 촉진됩니다. S 단백질의 결합에 따라 바이러스는 내재화 됩니다. 내재화된 바이러스는 코팅되지 않고 SARS-CoV-2 genome이 세포질로 방출됩니다. 그런 다음 바이러스 RNA가 복제되고 translation됩니다. 이것은 두개의 다단백질인 PP1A와 PP1AB를 생성합니다.  이들 단백질은 서열내에 Papain-like protease (PLpro)와  coronavirus main protease (Mpro, 3CLpro)를 함유하고 있어 polyprotein을 다양한 다른 기능적 단백질로 절단합니다.  바이러스 RNA는 또한 바이러스의 구조적 구성요소, 즉 spke, nucleocapsid, membrane, envelop 단백질을 암호화 합니다. 모든 바이러스 구성요소가 재생산 되면 coronavirus가 조립되고 vesicular exocytosis를 통해 방출됩니다. 

 

 

 

 

 

Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry 


 


 

Comparison of viral cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, showing SARS-CoV-2 S protein binding to NRP1.

ACE2는 transmembrane protease이며 주요 기능은 renin-angiotensin system의 vasoactive peptide를 절단하는 것입니다. S1 ectodomain에 위치하는 S protein의 RBD는 ACE2의 세포외 enzymatic domain에 결합하여 virus 및 ACE2의 세포내 이입 및 숙주 세포 내로의 전위를 초래합니다. SARS-CoV 및 SARS-CoV-2 모두에 대해 S2 domain의 priming은 숙주 세포에 융합할때 필요하며, TMPRSS2에 의해 유도됩니다. Camostat (#3193)과 같은 protease inhibitor는 TMPRSS2를 억제함으로써 시험관내에서 SARS-CoV-2가 폐세포로 유입되는 것을 부분적으로 차단할 수 있는 것으로 보고되었습니다.  다른 Coronavirus는 다른 종류의 transmembrane protease를 host cell receptor로 이용합니다. 예를 들어 MERS-CoV는 dipeptidyl protease 4 (DPP-IV, CD26)에 결합하고 HCoV-229E는 aminopeptidase N에 결합합니다.  숙주 세포막에 융합된 후 virus genome은 세포질로 방출됩니다. 이 시점에서 virus는 자신을 복제하기 위해 숙주 세포의 transcription 및 translation 프로세스를 이용합니다. 

 

 

 

   

Coronavirus Antivirals  

 

Cat. No.Product NameActivity
4274AP 24534Identified as targeting human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; potent multi-kinase and pan-Bcr-Abl inhibitor
7283Apilimod dimesylateInhibits cellular entry by SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV and MHV S pseudovirions; potent and selective PIKfyve inhibitor
7235ArbidolInhibits replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro; broad spectrum antiviral
4600AuranofinInhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro
3771AzithromycinPredicted to disrupt binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to ACE2
7222BaricitinibIn silico modelling predicts inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 cell entry; highly potent JAK inhibitor
3193Camostat mesylateInhibits entry of SARS-Cov-2 into lung cells; TMPRSS2 inhibitor
4109Chloroquine diphosphateInhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro
6357CiclesonideInhibits replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro; glucocorticoid
0460Cinanserin hydrochlorideInhibits replication of SARS-CoV; Mpro inhibitor and 5-HT2 antagonist
0970CycloheximideExhibits anti-MERS-CoV activity in vitro; protein synthesis inhibitor
1101Cyclosporin AInhibits coronavirus replication; cyclophilin inhibitor
7223Dabrafenib mesylateTargets human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; potent and selective B-Raf, CDK16 and NEK9 inhibitor
1467Daunorubicin hydrochlorideIdentified as targeting human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor
4583DigoxinExhibits anti-MERS-CoV activity in vitro; Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor
7336Dinaciclib Exhibits antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro; potent and selective inhibitor of CDK2, CDK5, CDK1 and CDK9
3807DisulfiramSARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor; also reversibly stimulates SERCA Ca2+-ATPase
4545E 64dInhibts entry of SARS-CoV-2 into lung cells in combination with Camostat (Cat. No. 3193); cathepsin inhibitor
5245EbselenInhibits SARS-CoV-2 Mpro in vitro; glutathione peroxidase mimic
6986EG 00229 trifluoroacetateInhibits binding of cleaved spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to neuropilin 1 (NRP1); neuropilin 1 antagonist
7231EIDD 1931Inhibits MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro; viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) inhibitor
7225FavipiravirReduces infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro; viral RNA polymerase inhibitor
3631FK 506Identified as targeting human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; potent calcineurin inhibitor
7229Galidesivir dihydrochloride Broad spectrum antiviral nucleotide; inhibits coronavirus replication in vitro
3259Gemcitabine hydrochlorideInhibits replication of coronaviruses; DNA synthesis inhibitor
7280GRL 0617Coronavirus PLpro inhibitor
7227GS 441524Displays antiviral activity against MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2; viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor; active metabolite of Remdesivir (Cat. No. 7226)
1416HomoharringtonineInhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro; inhibits protein synthesis
5648Hydroxychloroquine sulfateInhibits SARS-CoV-2 viral infection in vitro
5906Imatinib mesylateInhibits replication of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in vitro; potent and selective v-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor
1708IndomethacinIdentified as targeting human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome
1260IvermectinInhibits replication of SARS-Cov-2 in vitro; antiparasitic and antiviral
2959Lercanidipine hydrochlorideExhibits anti-MERS-CoV activity in vitro; CaV1.x blocker
3765LinezolidIdentified as targeting human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; antibiotic
0840Loperamide hydrochlorideInhibits replication of coronaviruses in vitro; peripherally acting μ opioid agonist and Ca2+ channel blocker
7052LopinavirInhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro; highly potent and selective HIV-1 protease inhibitor
6819Mefloquine hydrochlorideExhibits antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2; also Cx36 and Cx50 gap channel blocker
2864Metformin hydrochlorideIdentified as targeting human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; antidiabetic
7228MPro 13bCoronavirus Mpro inhibitor
7230MPro N3Coronavirus Mpro inhibitor
3081Nafamostat mesylateInhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro; serine protease inhibitor
3766Nelfinavir mesylateExhibits anti-MERS-CoV activity in vitro; potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor
4079NiclosamideInhibits SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induced syncytia formation and viral replication in vitro; also STAT3 inhibitor
7234NitazoxanideInhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro; Pyruvate flavodoxin/ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) inhibitor
2583OmeprazoleEnhances anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of serine protease inhibitors
1076OuabainExhibits anti-MERS-CoV activity in vitro; Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor
7357PLpro inhibitor 6SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitor
1125QuercetinInhibits SARS-CoV Mpro; also non-selective PI 3-kinase inhibitor
1292RapamycinInhibits MERS-CoV infection; mTOR inhibitor and immunosuppressant
7226RemdesivirDisplays antiviral activity against MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2; viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor
4501RibavirinInhibits cytopathic effect of SARS-CoV in vitro; guanosine analog and IMPDH inhibitor
5856RitonavirImproves outcome in an animal model of MERS-CoV infection; HIV protease inhibitor
7064RuxolitinibTargets human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; potent and selective JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor
7191Santacruzamate AIdentified as targeting human host proteins that interact with SARS-CoV-2
7189SaracatinibInhibits MERS-CoV, other coronaviruses and dengue virus
7192SMIP 004S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) inhibitor; inhibits MERS-CoV replication and induces autophagy in infected cells
1138ThapsigarginInhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro; SERCA inhibitor
2815Valproic acid, sodium saltIdentified as targeting human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; HDAC inhibitor
0654Verapamil hydrochlorideTargets human proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 interactome; CaV1.x blocker

 

  

 

ACE2   

 

Cat. No.Product NameActivity
7199(±)-EriodictyolPredicted by modeling studies to bind ACE2; potent TRPV1 antagonist and antioxidant
1563Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat)Potent endogenous vasoconstrictor peptide; substrate for ACE and ACE2
1158Angiotensin IIPotent endogenous vasoconstrictor peptide; substrate for ACE2
3345MLN 4760 Potent and selective angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibitor
7233SBP1ACE2 derived peptide; binds SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain
7232SBP1-FITCFluorescent ACE2-derived peptide; binds receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
7322SP 10Highly potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV Spike (S) protein and ACE2 interaction

 

 

 

Furin Inhibitor

 

Cat. No.Product NameActivity
3501Decanoyl-RVKR-CMKFurin inhibitor; blocks SARS-CoV-2 spike protein cleavage and blocks viral cell entry
4711Hexa-D-arginineFurin inhibitor
5253SSM 3 trifluoroacetatePotent furin inhibitor

 

 

 

 

주문정보

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제품 문의

 0.5 ml Elite Pre-stained Protein Ladder (2 x 0.25 ml) PAL-EPL-500 0.5ml 500
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